What Vaccines Do I Have to Give My Baby

​By: Edith Bracho-Sánchez, MD, FAAP

Accept you ever wondered why babies become vaccines starting from the day they're born? One large reason: the youngest of usa need the protection the most. It'southward also the fourth dimension in your child's development that their allowed organization works best with the vaccine.

Childhood vaccination is essential because it helps provide immunity before kids are exposed to potentially life-threatening diseases. Of all the historic period groups, babies are more than often hospitalized, and sometimes die, from the diseases we can prevent with vaccines. That's why most of the babyhood vaccines are recommended during your baby's first 12 to 18 months of life.

Did you know?

Past the time a child is former plenty to start schoolhouse, they will exist protected from fourteen diseases! From nativity to historic period 6, infants and children go vaccines to protect them from hepatitis A and hepatitis B, rotavirus, diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, polio, pneumococcal disease, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and influenza.

Immunization schedule for babies & immature kids

The Centers for Disease Command and Prevention, the American Academy of Pediatrics and other medical groups, have all agreed on a schedule for immunizations for kids. This recommended schedule is based on enquiry showing us the best timing for each vaccine dose.

Your pediatrician keeps track of your child'southward vaccines. They make certain your child is protected at the right time.

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Baby's first vaccine

Hepatitis B is the first vaccine most babies receive. It is given within 24 hours of birth. Your infant will get a second dose of hepatitis B vaccine when they are 1 month to 2 months sometime and the third dose when they are 6 months to 18 months former.

Why do nosotros give the offset dose so quickly? More than than 1 million people in the U.Southward. have long-term hepatitis B infections. And people who are infected with hepatitis B equally a babe have a 90% take chances of developing serious, chronic atmospheric condition like liver cancer in their lifetime. And because people may non know they are infected, they may spread the virus if they come in close contact with your infant. The vaccine is a safe, very effective way to eliminate that take chances right away by protecting babies from infection.

2 months old

The first doses of the vaccines given at ii months of age protect babies from 7 diseases. Their names may await similar a jumble of alphabet messages. But the letters correspond the diseases that used to crusade serious infections in children.

Diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine

Children go 5 doses of DTaP vaccine. The vaccine prevents serious illness from three diseases:

• Diphtheria: A serious pharynx infection that can cause animate problems and centre failure. Before the vaccine, diphtheria killed one-fifth of the kids who got infected.
  

• Tetanus: A deadly leaner that lives in the soil and is found everywhere in the world. Information technology can become into your torso through a rusty blast or whatever kind of cut on your skin. If the germ gets in, it produces a deadly toxin that causes muscle paralysis.

• Pertussis: Also called "whooping cough," information technology causes violent coughing fits that make it difficult to breathe. Babies with pertussis may demand hospital care and are at risk of death. Oftentimes, pertussis is spread to the babe past an developed who has not had the Tdap vaccine.

Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine (4 doses) prevents several types of illness, including ear infections, pneumonia and meningitis. Infections can be life threatening. If babies have non been vaccinated and have symptoms, they may need a spinal tap to exam for the bacteria.

Polio vaccine (4 doses) prevents a disease that causes death and paralysis. The polio virus is nonetheless circulating outside the Us, and unvaccinated children are at risk.

Pneumococcal vaccine (4 doses) prevents disease caused by bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae. When these bacteria invade the lungs, they cause pneumonia. When they invade the bloodstream, they can cause an overwhelming infection called sepsis. When they invade the brain, they crusade meningitis. They can also cause ear infections—which most parents know can be painful and frequent. Since we have had this vaccine, the number of kids suffering all of these illnesses has dropped dramatically.

Rotavirus vaccine (2 or 3 doses) stops the main cause of diarrhea in children. This virus spreads very easily—on your easily, dirty diapers or toys, and through the air. Rotavirus infections cause severe, watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever and abdominal pain. Sometimes the virus causes children to become so dehydrated that they need hospital intendance.

6 months old

The flu vaccine is recommended for everyone starting at six months of age. The first time your child gets the flu vaccine, they volition also need a second dose 4 weeks later. Even good for you kids can develop severe complications that send them to the hospital. Flu viruses change from yr to year, so everyone needs to get a flu shot each year. Almanac flu shots go on children from severe illness.

12 to 18 months old

At your child's first birthday checkup (or soon after), they will get shots that protect them from 5 more diseases. They also may become second, third or fourth doses of the vaccines they started during the start twelvemonth.

Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine

Children become 2 doses of MMR vaccine. Most people who are vaccinated with MMR will be protected for life. The vaccine prevents serious illness from three diseases:

• Measles can crusade fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes, commonly followed by a rash that covers the whole body. It tin lead to seizures (frequently associated with fever), ear infections, diarrhea, and pneumonia. Rarely, measles can cause brain impairment or decease.

• Mumps can cause fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite and swollen and tender salivary glands under the ears. Information technology tin lead to deafness, swelling of the encephalon and/or spinal string covering, painful swelling of the testicles or ovaries and, very rarely, expiry.

• Rubella can crusade fever, sore pharynx, rash, headache and centre irritation. Information technology can cause arthritis in up to one-half of teenage and adult women. A pregnant person who gets rubella could take a miscarriage or the baby could exist born with serious nascency defects.

Varicella vaccine (2 doses) prevents "chickenpox," which used to infect four million people in the United States every year. More than 10,000 were hospitalized, and more than 100 died. A balmy case tin can cause a child to miss school for a week or more.

Hepatitis A vaccine (two doses) gives lifelong protection from a serious liver affliction. The affliction can spread through food or by contact with an infected person—even someone who doesn't evidence whatever symptoms.

Fun fact: Vaccines protect babies before birth!

It'south true. Babies become antibodies during pregnancy from some vaccines their mothers have had. For case, the baby is protected for a short time later they are born if their mother has had the measles vaccine.

Even so, this protection moms give their babies during pregnancy starts to clothing off at effectually 1 year of age. That'due south why, when they are 12 months to 18 months one-time, babies go a shot to keep them protected from measles and two other diseases (the MMR vaccine). So, a second dose of MMR vaccine is recommended when kids are 4 years old. The second dose acts similar a reminder for your child's immune system. Research shows the MMR vaccine is incredibly effective when given at these ages.

Remember

We know from decades of inquiry, in millions of children, that the vaccines work all-time at these ages, and with this spacing betwixt doses. And nosotros know they are safety when given on this schedule.

The immunization schedule helps children develop life-long immunity and protect them and others from serious diseases. Finally, if you lot accept questions, talk with your pediatrician. Nosotros are hither to partner with you to assist your child stay salubrious—and thrive.

More information

• Recommended Immunization Schedules
• Vaccine Safety: Go the Facts
  

• Why Your Newborn Needs a Vitamin K Shot
  

Most Dr. Bracho-Sánchez

Edith Bracho-Sánchez, Doctor, FAAP, is a master care pediatrician and the director of the pediatric telemedicine programme at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. She was born and raised in Caracas, Venezuela, obtained her medical degree from New York University and trained in pediatrics at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. She lives in New York City with her husband and son. Follow her on Twitter @DoctoraEdith.

The information independent on this Spider web site should not be used equally a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.

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Source: https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/immunizations/Pages/Your-Babys-First-Vaccines.aspx

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